Scientific Research
Western scientists began research into the benefits of green tea only in the 1980′s. Before the time it was clear that Asians were already in the knowing about its benefits. The truth about scientific research is that it takes a long time to come to a reliable conclusion. Sometimes the whole process hits a wall and gets stalled. In addition, even after the whole process has been Okayed, there still need to be certain amount of follow up for perfection to be reached. All these and many more can eat into many years, and that is why western scientific measure sees research into green tea as still in the babyhood stage.
A study at The University of Geneva
It was until 1999 that green tea as a possible source of weight loss began to generate a lot of interest. The first instance was in an article published by the American society for Clinical Nutrition in 1999. Although the consumption of tea dates back to centuries, little was known about its health benefits to human. It was a team of scientists at the University of Geneva who later took the bold step to study the effects of plant ingredients on weight loss. They wanted to know if the caffeine and catechin polyvphenels contents, which are natural compounds of green tea, can result into the burning of fat and general metabolism of the body. It is important we take a look at how the research was conducted since the Geneva study marked the beginning of interests on the benefits of green tea on human health.
To begin with, scientific researches initiated ten men who were fit and classified either as mildly obese (having 8-30% of body fat) or lean into the study. They exempted smokers, athletes, and those with some weight loss history. The researchers only included men who were given to some western diet that contributes fat (35 -40%). They also had to take note of the physical make-up of each participant, including their weight, height and the fat content of their body.
Each of these men spent a day in a respiratory chamber on three distinct occasions. In addition, they were designated these three treatments randomly;
1) 2 capsules of extracts of green tea that contained 90 miligrams of epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) and 50 miligrams of caffeine. EGCG is known to be a strong antioxidant present in tea leaves and other elements naturally occurring in green tea;
2) two capsules that were filled with cellulose as a form of placebo (having no effect on the body); or
3) Two capsules containing 50 miligrams of caffeine (with no additional ingredients in it).
Each man had identical intake in terms of calories for every diet, which were also classified as weight-maintenance. Details of the energy content in their food are as follows; 40% fat, 13% protein and 47% of carbohydrate. There was no allowance for any other meal with caffeine content for one day before or during their respiratory chamber session. They were only allowed to listen to radio programs or watch TV anytime in the respiratory chamber. They each had three separate 24 hours periods of tests over the span of 5-6 weeks, within which they were not also allowed to exercise.
Result of Research
By the help of urinary and respiratory testing on the men, it was discovered that there was a 4% increase in their expenditure of energy in one day. In addition, although caffeine affects human metabolism, the case was not so with these men. It could be that the dosage given them was just not right enough to induce metabolism. The men who used the capsules took a total of 100 rug of caffeine for each meal, which is less than that in an average cup of brewed coffee. In essence, though caffeine was contained in the capsules of the green tea it had no hand on the increased metabolic effect. What the scientists concluded on was that the marriage of the contents of green tea and the caffeine brought about the fat burning and metabolism. However, what is yet to be discovered is whether decaffeinated green tea would possess that much effect toward causing fat oxidation and metabolism.
The great find of this scientific research was that the men who were administered capsules containing extracts of green tea and caffeine never had issues of increased heart rate. This means that the process is a far safer measure for weight loss than alternative drugs. This is much important when it comes to people who are having cardiovascular challenges or high blood pressure.
In a nutshell, the men who took the capsules burned up to 80 or more calories in less than 2 hours without even exercising or changing their day-to-day diet.
Other Studies into the Subject
A separate study that was revealed online in the January 2005 edition of the American Journal of Physiology: Integrative, regulatory and comparative Physiology disclosed that mice that was made to consume over a period of ten weeks extract of green tea displayed heightened exercise endurance of 8-24% more than another mice that was not given the extract, although allowed to exercise. They also discovered that the mice that took the green tea extract burned fat perfectly well. In addition, they also found out that caffeine did not play any role in increasing the amount of endurance during exercise or the burning of fat. They discovered that after reducing the amount of caffeine in the extract during the experiment.
The scientists who did the research found out that catechin epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG), which is an antioxidant found in green tea, resulted in improvement in endurance, although insignificantly. This result shows that the other catechins in green tea were also necessary during the experiment with those ten men.
Just a single dose was not enough to affect increase metabolism. This only shows that it would take a long-term usage of green tea to get good result as regards weight loss. It is worth noting that the research was carried out at the Biological Science Laboratories of Kao Corporation in Tochigi, Japan. They are makers of green tea beverages and other health care products. This does not translate to the results been twisted in a way. However, they are made bare in the interest of making the public understand better.
Another group of researchers also found out that green tea extracts never increased heart rates during the process of weight loss. Their finding was published in January, 2002, edition of the Phytomedicine Journal. In their research they had 70 volunteers on two green tea extract capsules on daily basis.The dosage contained 270 miligrams of EGCG- which is 30% more than what is acceptable. However, it never resulted into any side effects.
Results fetched after three months: Their body weight was reduced by an average of 4.6%, while the circumference of their waist decreased by 4.48%. There was another study by the Japanese on the effects of body fat reduction by Catechins. The test involved men of like size ( in terms of waist circumference, body mass index, and an indicator of fat) who were given different quantities of catechins. These men were divided into two teams with one being given 690 miligrams of catechins, while the other team was given 22 miligrams of catechins. During the 12 weeks of testing, all the men were allowed similar diets on the overall by taking identical breakfasts and dinners. They were also asked to put a check on their on their intake of fat and calorie at other times so as to foster similar dieting. The result of the test was that men who were given more catechin quantity showed more reduction in waist circumference, body mass index and body weight. The ratio between both groups was a bit close to the ratio 2:1, with those who were given more losing more weight on the overall.
A Chinese test was also carried out on 75 persons who were suffering from obesity due to lack of exercise and overeating. The 75 persons were people within the age bracket of 22 and 69, and they were asked to take oolong tea for 6 weeks, twice each day. Also, they were asked not to engage on any form of exercise or dieting. They were just to continue with their normal meals while they keep taking oolong tea twice each day.
After the stipulated 6 weeks, result showed that they lost an average of 4mm of subcutaneous fat near their navels. The measurement was done using echograph sensors. The result went ahead to show that there was reduction in cholesterol level, serum and serum triglyceride within those six weeks. About 67% of the participants were said to have lost weight within the time of the research. It is worth noting that they had no guidelines for their diet, and there was nothing told about what they were eating within those weeks.
In a study carried out in Taiwan about the habit of tea drinking, 1,103 persons were analyzed for differences in fat and their ratios of waist-to-hip. The result showed that those who had been taking tea for over ten years had on average about 19.6% reduction in body fat and 2.1% smaller waist-to-hip rations than those who weren’t regular drinkers of tea. The conclusion was that tea could pass for a weight-loss beverage.
Remember I said that scientific study into tea as a source of weight-loss is still in its babyhood stage. More research is being conducted with results showing up on daily basis.
The efficiency of green tea in the reduction of body fat has also been shown by many other studies. However, a lot more research has been conducted into the benefits of tea on the cardiovascular, and its power to fight against diseases.
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